I believe his blades are currently finish machined post-heat treat. I think the norsemans are simply hard milled, and the rasks are hard milled and then finish ground with a wheel. On the most recent episode of the Business of Machining podcast, he talked about trying some new wheels out on his Kern.
Aside from having an essentially "finished" part right off the machine, you can get some pretty nice finishes from hard milling, that, if done properly can also be machined to some very tight tolerances that won't later be affected by a heat treatment process or secondary machining.
Not all CNC machines are created equal, though, so different machines will have varying degrees of sucess (or lack thereof) milling something like a 58 to 60 HRC material. Tooling and tool paths are another major component, also somewhat based on the machine being used.
What else can be machined hard? Some of it depends on the process and techniques, but I'd imagine that just about anything can be machined hard, given proper machine, tooling, and setup.