CNC restoration, hard-milling knife blades and more!

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Mar 12, 2013
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Hey all!
It's been an awfully long time since I posted here... I've been working on digging myself out of a big pile of orders! Nearly caught up now (for the first time in 3 years!) which is awesome. I'm starting to do more videos and stuff again now as I have time!

Over the last couple of years I've been slowly working my way towards making my knives using a method that I find really exciting: hard-milling. This basically means that I will be heat-treating raw rectangular blanks of steel and then CNC milling the blades out of the already-hardened blank.

To do this I had to do a bunch of work on my CNC machine to get it in good enough condition, as hard-milling is a fairly strenuous task for a milling machine.

At the start of the year I did a complete rebuild of the CNC, thought you guys might like the video!


There are a bunch of reasons why I wanted to move to hard-milling:

  1. Better surface finishes: Because of the difference in the way a hard steel cuts versus a soft steel I can produce better 'as machined' surface finishes when hardmilling. This means I have an easier time hand-finishing.

  2. No losses due to warping in heat-treat: I typically lose 3-5% of knives after heat-treat due to warping that makes them not fit the sheaths correctly. Heat-treating blanks before machining makes them less likely to warp, and the ones that do warp matter less because very little work has gone into them at that point.

  3. Drastically reduce overall process length: If I machine a blade before heat-treatment I have to wait until I have a bunch of other blades ready and then send them all off for heat-treatment together, wait for them to come back and then do all the finishing and so on in a batch... If I hard-mill them then I can do all my final finishing and so on straight after they come off the machine. This basically lets me reduce my batch size from 100 down to 1 single knife... Which in turn lets me drastically reduce my overall delivery times. This also improves flow through my process because rather than working on batches I'm working on taking a single knife at a time through all my processes.

I have done a bunch of testing and haven't seen any performance issues with hard-milled blades. From what I've seen any blade that's carefully hard-milled has the same performance as a blade that's finished and then heat-treated which is awesome!

On the right you can see a blade that's come straight off the CNC from the new hard-miling process, this blade is A2 tool steel at 62.5HRC:



Because of the level of finish I can achieve on the CNC now I am able to go straight to hand-finishing using EDM stones. After a bit of work with a 400 grit EDM stone the blade looks like this:



Being able to go straight to hand-finishing without any grinder work really speeds up my process and also eliminates a source of errors and rejects. It also makes hand-finishing fun as there are never any stray scratches to finish out!

And here you can see the final result! A2 tool steel at 62-63HRC, with DLC coating. G10 handle scales:



It's been a really fun journey to get to this point! I really enjoy pushing the limits of my techniques and the last little while has certainly done that! I'm very much looking forward to being more active on BF going forward!

Would love to hear what you guys think of the new process! I'll hopefully be finishing a new video showing the process within a few months!

-Aaron
 
I think this is just super, Aaron! I love to here about, talk to, try and give help to anyone who is trying to move ahead in knife making. That's a great looking knife! I wonder where you had gone and am pleased to see you here again. What is an EDM stone, by the way?
Frank
 
I think this is just super, Aaron! I love to here about, talk to, try and give help to anyone who is trying to move ahead in knife making. That's a great looking knife! I wonder where you had gone and am pleased to see you here again. What is an EDM stone, by the way?
Frank

Thanks Frank! Good to hear from you mate, I always enjoyed talking to you when I used to post more often!

EDM stones are kind of like small sharpening stones, but specifically made for finishing work. They're used heavily in the mold-making industry where they're used to finish things like plastic injection molds. They work very well for knifemaking, using EDM stones versus sandpaper probably cuts my finishing time in half... Plus they're cheap and easy to use! Wins all round!

I get mine from MoldShopTools.com ... I prefer the 1/4x1/2" CS-M stones for use on hardened steel... They cut incredibly fast and leave a great finish!
 
Aaron, glad to see you posting here again. How do you keep your stones clean? I know another user on here used comet I believe. I noticed so much build up so quick it was annoying to use edm stones.
 
Absolutely great work Aaron, from overhauling your CNC to the research you done
on your finishing methods. It doesn't get any better than that. Congrats.
Ken.
 
Aaron, glad to see you posting here again. How do you keep your stones clean? I know another user on here used comet I believe. I noticed so much build up so quick it was annoying to use edm stones.
Hey Josh!
The trick with EDM stones is that they have to be saturated, not just wet... Soak them for at least 15 minutes before using them!

I just use water with a little bit of dawn dish soap in it. I leave the stones in a clean mixture of that whenever I'm not using them, and I wipe down the blade under work and dip the stones back in the water every minute or so while finishing. I never have any issue with loading!

The other issue is to make sure you're using the right kind of stone. If you're using a hard stone that is not friable (ie: the abrasive doesn't break down easily) then the stone will load up because it needs to wear away to avoid loading, and it's not wearing away fast enough. As a general rule the softer the material you're finishing the more friable the stones should be...

If you call the guys at MoldShopTools on the phone they will be very helpful, they put me on the right track after I told them what material I was finishing and how hard it was! The main guy that does their sales is a very experience mold polisher!

-Aaron
 
Absolutely great work Aaron, from overhauling your CNC to the research you done
on your finishing methods. It doesn't get any better than that. Congrats.
Ken.

Thanks very much Ken! I sometimes look back at all the work and wonder if I'm not a little bit nuts :D But it has worked out to be worth it in the end!
 
Hey Buddy glad to see you are back. See ya went back to A2. Good deal. This whole deal is very cool.
 
Have you used Ceramic tooling when hard milling?
Not yet, I imagine I will try it at some point! Right now my tool cost per blade is very low, so they would have to deliver serious improvements in tool life to be worth it!
 
Hey Buddy glad to see you are back. See ya went back to A2. Good deal. This whole deal is very cool.
Good to see you Dave!

I actually have only been using A2 pretty much since I started! Will be looking at new steels next year though!

Hope things are going well with you mate!
-A
 
I thought ya moved away for a while due to finishing problems?
 
Now that's interesting! Good deal. I sure get good reports back.
 
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