The first recorded case of paranoia in medical literature was of
one James Tilly Matthews, a London tea broker who claimed his
mind was being controlled by a gang operating a machine he
called an "Air Loom" which was hidden in a London cellar and sent
out invisible, magnetic rays. Matthews was committed to Bethlehem Hospital as being insane. His case was published in 1810
"The Air Loom machine which assails Matthews, works on a variety
of fuels of a disgusting nature, including 'effluvia of dogs --
stinking human breath -- putrid effluvia -- ...stench of the
cesspool', and so forth. Its rays assault both the body and mind,
producing 'a list of calamities hitherto unheard of and for which
no remedy has been yet discovered'. These include 'Fluid
Locking', which renders Matthews speechless; 'Cutting Soul from
Sense', which causes his feelings to be severed from his
thoughts; 'Stone-making', which creates bladder stones;
'Thigh-talking', which produces the auditory distortion of one's
ear being in one's thigh; 'Kiteing', or the capacity to hijack
the brain and to implant thoughts in it beyond the control and
resistance of the sufferer; 'Sudden death-squeezing' or
'Lobster-cracking', which involve the deployment of a magnetic
field to stop the circulation and impede the vital motions;
'Stomach-skinning', which removes the skin from the belly;
'Apoplexy-working with the nutmeg grater', which violently forces
fluids into the head, often with lethal effects; 'Lengthening the
brain', or in other words, forcible thought distortion, which can
'cause good sense to appear as insanity, and convert truth to
libel'; 'Thought-making', which is the extraction by suction of
one train of thought and its replacement with another..."
"Illustrations of Madness", John Haslam, Director of Bethlehem Hospital, London, 1810
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