Did some reading on the Russian knife forum linked above.
One of the topics was about these type of axes.
It turns out that these axes are actually called сучкорубный топор, which can be translated as a limbing axe.
I found a Russian website listing 4 contemporary types of Russian axes:
http://www.drovavoz.ru/razmery-topora-pravilnoye-toporishche.html
Look at the last picture:
http://www.drovavoz.ru/img/razmery-topora-pravilnoye-toporishche/chertezh_topora.jpg
The 4 types listed are the:
1. Felling axe (Russian: лесорубный топор

, a typical American felling axe is shown (Dayton pattern?).
2. Limbing axe (сучкорубный топор

, the traditional Russian axe type discussed in this thread.
According to the website, it is used for limbing and debarking.
This axe type was traditionally used (and is still used) also for felling, splitting and hewing & carpentry.
3. Splitting Axe, (колун

.
4. Hewing/carpenters axe (топор для тески

, a lighter variant of the typical Russian axe type discussed here.