i'd guess 5160 is vastly superior to any straight carbon for swords. i've used it myself... can't find charpy numbers on it, but...
if A2 is tough enough then so is s30v, and 3v vastly more so. imho A2 is not tough enough for a "bush rated" sword i.e. one which will withstand full impact strikes on wood, cars, large animals...
but i also have used ats-34 (rc 60) 440c (rc 58) on swords that see use on green wood or seasoned softwoods, also road killed deer... heat treat bang on is essential, design compromises also
many swords are available in expensive alloys like s7, cpm anything
folded steels are silly... if they were better than powder or sprayform or even conventional rolled billet we'd see them on spacecraft but we don't
if you are worried about a piece of your sword breaking off and hitting you then get kevlar laminated to the sides... pieces will stay together like on a windshield... just get it laminated right so it doesn't fall off, no big deal
s5 is toughest of all fully hardenable tool steels...