Titanium alloys in knife blades?

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Apr 10, 2000
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Hi All,

There are some knives with blade material listed as Ti. At least I remember Mission knives had one, makers use it sometimes.

Is it pure Ti in the blade? I doubt, it's too soft for knife blade. So, it has to be an alloy...
Does anyone know any Ti alloy used in knifemaking?
And better yet, chemical composition :)
 
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I have a Mission MPS Ti-10 with a beta hardened Titanium blade. It contains carbides probably of Titanium that the give the blade great wear resistance even though it Rockwells in the mid forties. I have some Boker Cera-Titan blades which in addition to the very hard carbides also have some Silver added to improve ductility. My main chef knife right now is a Cera-Titan Santoku with a 7" blade. It holds an edge like a ceramic knife but won't break if dropped on a hard surface. You can put it away wet or store it in lemon juice. It won't corrode on the microedge in the dishwasher. My only beef: it won't stick to a magnetic rack. I have seen prettier knives but none more pratical.
 
The strongest beta Ti alloy listed in my Smith's Engineering Alloys (1996) was an Al-Cr-V-Mo-Zr-Ti alloy. Listed strength was ~210,000 psi. There is a martensite reaction that happens, but it doesn't start until below room temperature, so this strength is in the solution treated and aged condition. IIRC, even if you get down to the martensite start temperature, the Ti martensites are actually softer, but don't quote me on that.
 
Hi All,

There are some knives with blade material listed as Ti. At least I remember Mission knives had one, makers use it sometimes.

Is it pure Ti in the blade? I doubt, it's too soft for knife blade. So, it has to be an alloy...
Does anyone know any Ti alloy used in knifemaking?
And better yet, chemical composition :)

I know it is an alloy and not pure Ti. Don't know which one.

The strongest beta Ti alloy listed in my Smith's Engineering Alloys (1996) was an Al-Cr-V-Mo-Zr-Ti alloy. Listed strength was ~210,000 psi. There is a martensite reaction that happens, but it doesn't start until below room temperature, so this strength is in the solution treated and aged condition. IIRC, even if you get down to the martensite start temperature, the Ti martensites are actually softer, but don't quote me on that.

210 KSI equates to about a 46 on the Rockwell C scale.
 
users in past have stated that this stuff will cut for a while but edge durability is lacking. however the knives are pretty strong. military uses that require a non-magnetic signature are the biggest market.
 
The wear resistance is close to 440A steel, but the hardness is not high enough to keep a good cutting edge very long. Our old radiography camera source tubes were lined with Ti, though I dont know why. If it was for weight savings it was a big old pile of fail. The rest of the camera was lined with depleted uranium. It seems like a coarse grit finish, say from a file or coarse India stone, would be the best way to go, but I've never tried one.

That hardness is close to what is given in the book (42-43) for that strength level. I've always been cautioned that the hardness/strength relationships published on charts are for steel only. Are you basing that hardness on those charts or on ones you've worked up during your career? Either way, its pretty close to the max I've ever heard of for Ti-alloys.
 
Stellite 6-K is a Chrome Cobalt alloy that Rockwells in the mid forties (on the C scale), but you can't scratch it with a file at 60HRC. The included carbides produce a long lasting edge. This has also been my experience with Ti blades that are loaded with carbides.
 
Unless you are a diver, or EOD... Ti blades are a novelty. That being said, I own one Ti bladed folder and have a Ti fixed blade on the way.
 
Hi All,

There are some knives with blade material listed as Ti. At least I remember Mission knives had one, makers use it sometimes.

Is it pure Ti in the blade? I doubt, it's too soft for knife blade. So, it has to be an alloy...
Does anyone know any Ti alloy used in knifemaking?
And better yet, chemical composition :)

Hi, indeed, there are alloys. What alloy is used depends on maker :), but for cutlery purposes one would usually prefer beta alloys (though steel is still superior material for this use).

As for what Mission uses: IIRC, John Moore (from Mission) usually only says it is beta alloy, without closer details.

However, on some occasions he mentioned "Beta C" (Dynamet's commercial name for Grade 19/20). While there are many Ti alloys, often created for testing/experimental use, I very much doubt they use any mystery alloy, so I think it is reasonable to use it's composition.

Here you can find usual ranges for the 19/20 Grade (i.e. Beta Ti) (and other Ti alloys as well, just select from the "Ti Grades" list):
http://titanex.com/tigrades/titaniu...rade-1-2-3-4-5-7-9-11-12-19-beta-c.php?sel=13


If you would like some interesting reading about Titanium and it's alloys:
http://www.keytometals.com/Article97.htm
http://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/do...oys&DokuWiki=4115c9b772af06a5696b099a15b25bf0 (+ links at the end of the article (Tntech link can be found here))
http://www.msm.cam.ac.uk/phase-trans/2003/titanium.movies/titanium.html
http://www.scribd.com/doc/6395263/Manufacturing-for-Aerospace-Structural-Materials
(note the "recommended reading" list at the end of chapters, as for Ti @ p. 172-174)
 
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Gator--- I like Titanium blades. I carry Ti blades, depending on the circumstance. Warren Thomas and Luc Burnley do some cool things with Ti blades. Do yer homework my friend. ;)
 
Thanks guys :)
Lycosa, I am doing my homework, in this thread too. At least some alloy names came up.
BTW, when you say you carry Ti blades, do you mean pure Ti or Ti Alloys?
To me the goal is to identify Ti alloys used in knife blades and add them to the chart.
 
The Mission is Beta Ti. I'll have to ask Warren and Luc what they use.

Also, ask Warren if he can put a carbide edge on a Ti blade. I have a Ti fixed blade coming soon from Reese Weiland and would love to have it carbidized.
 
Titanium is either alpha as in 6Al4V

Beta such as the Beta C used by Mission which from what I can remember is not the 19/20 grade suggested above

and Alpha Beta don't have a reference

Anyhow the Beta C is ti alloy, I have ran across what I think it is on matweb.com which is an engineering materials web site, I found some titanium alloys that exceed the 210,000 than someone else referenced earlier.

The rockwell C of 6Al4V or Grade 5 according to matweb is 36

For Ti 6Al4V STA according to mat web is 41, I have tried to get some makers to make some handles out of this as most Titanium handles are made of Grade 5 as are most titanium parts. Zip, the couple of makers I talked to which are here on this forum and respected, didn't know what I was talking about. I sent them the mat web specs and all I got was yea if you can find me some I'll try and use it.

I have reams of file folders full of titanium alloy research as I was trying to figure out what Mission Actually uses because I wanted to have somone make me some knives out of it, but all John every said was Beta C. Anyway the best I can tell is that Mission uses

Titanium Beta C (Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr; Timetal 3-8-6-44; Ti-38-6-44; UNS R58640

Matweb says it has a ultimate tensile strength of 218,000 psi, John had always maintained that Missions Beta C had an uts of 225,000 psi, but I can't find any info on any beta c titanium that comes in over 218,000 psi.

Anyway go to matweb the online materials database and search around you will find lots of data there and not just for titanium.

I've also got lots of good information from www.accromet.com, www.RMITitanium.com (download and print the titanium alloy guide it is loaded with good data, www.epict.com/why_titanium some cool stuff, www.swordforum.com/metallurgy/titanium.html, www.rembar.com/Titanium.htm

That should get you started and when you want some more email directly. Like I said man i've got more hours logged on this stuff than some engineers. Titanium fascinates me and the Beta C is the real deal. I've owned 5 mission knives gave them up due to quality control issues which by the way are still raging despite the new owner. Everyone on here knows I"m a Mission fan but the stuff their turning out now is low end crap, Stay Away.

Gator, one last thing. Commercially pure titanium is not a good material for knife making that is why all of the blades made with titanium are actually made of titanium alloy, they just say titanium for convenience. So what your looking for is without question a titanium alloy of some sort you just don't know which one yet. John, always claimed that his blades actually got to between 45-47 on Rockwell C, after having used them extensively for years I'd say that seems pretty close. I always compared performance of the Beta C blades to AUS 8 that had been properly heat treated. I've also heard with the exception of on special batch run of some Titanium alloy that was made long ago for the SR71 black bird project that apparently got a special heat treat and was able to attain RC of 50. Allegedly John had bought the last remaining ingots of the stuff before he died from an engineer buddy of his, don't know if it is true but I have reason to believe it is. Anyway beyond about 45 to 47 most titanium alloys get real brittle almost like ceramic which isn't very good for a knife as it is really prone to chipping, cracking, breaking, well you get the point. The SR71 stuff was some kinda special deal that was very expensive to process.

Hope this helps.
 
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The wear resistance is close to 440A steel, but the hardness is not high enough to keep a good cutting edge very long. Our old radiography camera source tubes were lined with Ti, though I dont know why. If it was for weight savings it was a big old pile of fail. The rest of the camera was lined with depleted uranium. It seems like a coarse grit finish, say from a file or coarse India stone, would be the best way to go, but I've never tried one.

That hardness is close to what is given in the book (42-43) for that strength level. I've always been cautioned that the hardness/strength relationships published on charts are for steel only. Are you basing that hardness on those charts or on ones you've worked up during your career? Either way, its pretty close to the max I've ever heard of for Ti-alloys.

Charts. I wanted to provide a point of reference. Most of the fellas don't think in terms of strength, but a Rockwell hardness is better known.
 
Titanium is either alpha as in 6Al4V

Beta such as the Beta C used by Mission which from what I can remember is not the 19/20 grade suggested above

and Alpha Beta don't have a reference
6-Al-4-V is α-β alloy. And probably the most common type of Titanium alloy.


Anyhow the Beta C is ti alloy, I have ran across what I think it is on matweb.com which is an engineering materials web site, I found some titanium alloys that exceed the 210,000 than someone else referenced earlier.

The rockwell C of 6Al4V or Grade 5 according to matweb is 36

For Ti 6Al4V STA according to mat web is 41, I have tried to get some makers to make some handles out of this as most Titanium handles are made of Grade 5 as are most titanium parts. Zip, the couple of makers I talked to which are here on this forum and respected, didn't know what I was talking about. I sent them the mat web specs and all I got was yea if you can find me some I'll try and use it.

I have reams of file folders full of titanium alloy research as I was trying to figure out what Mission Actually uses because I wanted to have somone make me some knives out of it, but all John every said was Beta C. Anyway the best I can tell is that Mission uses

Titanium Beta C (Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr; Timetal 3-8-6-44; Ti-38-6-44; UNS R58640
Grade 19/20 composition:
C < 0.05 %
N2 < 0.03 %
O2 < 0.14 %
AL 3.0-4.0%
V 7.5-8.5%
Cr 5.5-6.5%
Zr 3.5-4.5%
Mo 3.5-4.5%
Ti = Rem.

Matweb says it has a ultimate tensile strength of 218,000 psi, John had always maintained that Missions Beta C had an uts of 225,000 psi, but I can't find any info on any beta c titanium that comes in over 218,000 psi.

Anyway go to matweb the online materials database and search around you will find lots of data there and not just for titanium.

I've also got lots of good information from www.accromet.com, www.RMITitanium.com (download and print the titanium alloy guide it is loaded with good data, www.epict.com/why_titanium some cool stuff, www.swordforum.com/metallurgy/titanium.html, www.rembar.com/Titanium.htm

That should get you started and when you want some more email directly. Like I said man i've got more hours logged on this stuff than some engineers. Titanium fascinates me and the Beta C is the real deal. I've owned 5 mission knives gave them up due to quality control issues which by the way are still raging despite the new owner. Everyone on here knows I"m a Mission fan but the stuff their turning out now is low end crap, Stay Away.

Gator, one last thing. Commercially pure titanium is not a good material for knife making that is why all of the blades made with titanium are actually made of titanium alloy, they just say titanium for convenience. So what your looking for is without question a titanium alloy of some sort you just don't know which one yet. John, always claimed that his blades actually got to between 45-47 on Rockwell C, after having used them extensively for years I'd say that seems pretty close. I always compared performance of the Beta C blades to AUS 8 that had been properly heat treated. I've also heard with the exception of on special batch run of some Titanium alloy that was made long ago for the SR71 black bird project that apparently got a special heat treat and was able to attain RC of 50. Allegedly John had bought the last remaining ingots of the stuff before he died from an engineer buddy of his, don't know if it is true but I have reason to believe it is. Anyway beyond about 45 to 47 most titanium alloys get real brittle almost like ceramic which isn't very good for a knife as it is really prone to chipping, cracking, breaking, well you get the point. The SR71 stuff was some kinda special deal that was very expensive to process.

Hope this helps.

Beta C was develepoed to replace the 13-11-3 (the "SR-71 stuff") (http://books.google.com/books?id=x3rToHWOcD8C, p. 797, interesting book actually, and FYI check the composition listed)


BTW, what about 66 HRC in Ti alloy? :)
http://www.journalarchive.jst.go.jp...nal=jjspm1947&cdvol=40&noissue=1&startpage=66
http://www.journalarchive.jst.go.jp...al=jjspm1947&cdvol=44&noissue=3&startpage=301
 
You've already covered the Mission knife Ti alloy. The latest proprietary alloy from Boker was called Cera Titan. It was supposed to have a mixture of Titanium, some carbides for hardness, and some Silver to increase ductility. I use a Cera Titan chef knife every day and love the thing. It holds an edge like a ceramic knife but won't shatter if dropped on a hard surface. Unfortunately Boker has ceased production of these models in this material.
 
I need to alter database schema to support Ti alloys :(
And in general it is becoming a problem, too many elements and the table is already quite wide. I guess I'll add "Other" column to lump all the extra elements in it and then let the user choose whether they want extras in one column or make it all expanded into individual element columns if they have enough screen space.
Although I have to add considerable amount of PHP and JS code to support all that.
 
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