This is a fixed blade Benchmade I bought in about the nineties. It had never been sharpened before today. The blade is ATS-34.
I broke out a soft Arkansas stone, some soapy water, the same stone holder you probably use, a sharpie, and a couple of 16 degree angle guides to keep me on the tracks. I was aiming for a 40 degree inclusive edge.
It immediately became clear that the factory edge was closer to 25 degrees per side, and the soft Ark was not the right tool to reprofile this blade! I broke out Atoma diamond stones at 400 and 600. It took a while, but I finally corrected a little recurve and got fairly crisp bevels all the way from the heel to the tip.
It was cutting hair and receipt paper straight off the Atoma 600, but not particularly smoothly. I went back to the soft Ark to finish up, and I was very surprised at the improvement. The soft Ark smoothed out the edge considerably, making it murder on hair, paper towels, receipt paper, and a pine walking stick I am whittling.
I don't understand why the Arkansas stone is so effective in the polishing stages while being ineffective in the more coarse stages.
I though about reaching for a hard Ark to make it more sexy, but the knife is cutting like a beaver and I resisted the urge to get stupid about it!
Here are the tools I used, including a scrap of receipt paper.